History
- London was founded by the Romans in AD 43, and was originally called Londinium.
- The Tower of London, which is over 900 years old, has served as a royal palace, a prison, and a fortress throughout its history.
- The Great Fire of London in 1666 destroyed much of the city, leading to the rebuilding of many of London’s famous landmarks, such as St. Paul’s Cathedral.
- London played a major role in the Industrial Revolution, with the city’s factories and mills driving the economy in the 18th and 19th centuries.
- The British Museum in London, founded in 1753, is one of the oldest and most extensive museums in the world.
- London was heavily bombed during World War II, with the city suffering extensive damage and loss of life during the Blitz.
- The first underground railway system in the world, the London Underground, was opened in 1863.
- The Magna Carta, one of the most important legal documents in history, was signed in 1215 at Runnymede, just outside of London.
- Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre, a replica of the original Globe Theatre where many of his plays were performed, is located in London and offers tours and performances.
- Buckingham Palace, the official residence of the British monarch, has been a symbol of the monarchy and the country’s history for over 300 years.
Modern
- London has the largest tech sector in Europe and is home to many startup companies.
- The city has some of the world’s most iconic modern architecture, such as The Shard and The Gherkin.
- The London Underground, also known as the Tube, is the oldest underground railway in the world and transports millions of people every day.
- The city has a vibrant street art scene, with works by famous artists such as Banksy and Shepard Fairey.
- London is a global hub for fashion, with designers such as Vivienne Westwood and Alexander McQueen hailing from the city.
- The West End is home to some of the world’s most famous theaters and musicals, such as Les Miserables and The Lion King.
- The London Eye, a giant Ferris wheel on the South Bank of the River Thames, offers stunning views of the city’s skyline.
- London’s Olympic Park, built for the 2012 Summer Olympics, is now a popular tourist attraction and features the ArcelorMittal Orbit, the UK’s tallest sculpture.
- The city has a thriving food scene, with everything from traditional British cuisine to international street food available.
- London is known for its innovative cocktail bars and gin distilleries, with famous establishments such as The Savoy’s American Bar and the Beefeater Gin Distillery located in the city.
Food
- The first chocolate bar was created in London in 1847 by the company J.S. Fry & Sons.
- The world-famous dish of fish and chips originated in London in the mid-1800s.
- The first Indian restaurant in the UK, the Hindoostanee Coffee House, opened in London in 1810.
- The cocktail drink, the “Martini,” was invented in London in the late 1800s.
- The UK’s oldest food market, Borough Market, has been operating in London for over 1,000 years.
- The traditional British dish of roast beef and Yorkshire pudding originated in London.
- The gin industry in London was booming in the 18th century, leading to a rise in alcohol addiction and the introduction of the Gin Act in 1751.
- The famous department store, Fortnum & Mason, has been selling tea since 1707 and still offers a wide variety of tea blends to this day.
- The first modern sushi restaurant in London, Sushi-Say, opened in 1998 and kick-started the sushi trend in the city.
- London is home to a number of Michelin-starred restaurants, including the three-starred Alain Ducasse at The Dorchester and The Araki, which was awarded three stars just six months after it opened.